Glucose from starch: starch hydrolysis

Glucose from starch

Glucose syrup made from starch

Glucose or dextrose sugar is found in nature in sweet fruits such as grapes and in honey. It is less sweet than sucrose (cane or beet sugar) and also less soluble in water; however, when used in combination with sucrose, the resulting sweetness is often greater than expected. The commercial manufacture of glucose sugars from starch began during the Napoleonic Wars with England, when suppliers of sucrose sugar were cut off from France by sea blockade. Rapid progress was made in its production in the United States about the middle of the nineteenth century.

At present, glucose is usually produced as syrup or as a solid. The physical properties of the syrup vary with the dextrose equivalent (DE) and the method of manufacture. Dextrose equivalent is the total of reducing sugars expressed as dextrose and calculated as a percentage of the total dry substance. Glucose is the common name for the syrup and dextrose for the solid sugar. Dextrose, sometimes called grape sugar, is the D-glucose produced by the complete hydrolysis of starch. Today, two methods for starch hydrolysis are used for the commercial production of glucose: acid hydrolysis and partial acid hydrolysis followed by an enzyme conversion.

Glucose from starch: starch hydrolysis

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